Being a good heat conductor,Ĭarborundum is also used in making high-temperature bricks.Īs silicon lies immediately below carbon, in the same group of the periodic table, we might expect the compounds Have to be baked subsequently, so that the individual crystals fuse together. Shapes for use as an abrasive in grindstones and grinding wheels. Crushed crystals ofĬarborundum can be mixed with a binder, such as clay, and molded into various Carborundum is a black, cubic crystalline solid, which is hard, chemically inactive,Īnd does not decompose until heated to about 2,200☌. Which is obtained by heating a mixture of silica and coke in an electric furnace, is almost Silicon itself is not very hard, but silicon carbide, known commercially as carborundum, Over the years on the possibility of silicon-based Many organosilicon compounds are known and there has been much speculation Silicon combines with fluorine and chlorine when heated in either of these gases and the corresponding silicon halide Whenīoiled with alkaline hydroxides, such as sodium hydroxide (caustic soda), In water and resists the action of most acids, but not hydrofluoric. Silicon is quite inert at low temperatures, but when strongly heated inĪir the surface becomes covered with a layer of oxide. It is used in its elemental state in alloys and to make semiconductor components. Silicon has a diamond-likeĬrystal structure (see Figure 2), although it can also exist in an amorphous state. Naturally in various forms, including minerals composed of silicates and those, such as quartz, composed of silicon dioxide. Most abundant element in Earth's crust (25.7% by mass). Silicon (Si) is a dark-gray, metalloid (or semimetallic) element (Fig 1), which is the second
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